Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiparasitic medicine. Doctors use it for infections caused by certain bacteria and parasites, especially those that live without oxygen.
What Is Metronidazole Used For?
- Infections of the gut, such as amoebiasis and giardiasis
- Dental infections
- Bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis
- Some abdominal and pelvic infections
- Skin and wound infections
How Does Metronidazole Work?
Metronidazole enters bacteria and parasites and damages their DNA. They cannot survive, and your body clears the infection.
General Dosage Information
This is general information only. Your doctor sets the right dose for you, so follow your prescription and the label.
- Adults commonly take 400 mg to 500 mg two to three times a day for five to ten days. Some infections need a single large dose.
- Doctors dose children by weight.
- Take it with food to reduce nausea, and finish the course.
Side Effects of Metronidazole
Common Side Effects
- Metallic taste in the mouth
- Nausea and vomiting
- Loss of appetite and diarrhea
- Headache
- Dark urine, which is harmless
Serious Side Effects
Call your doctor or get emergency help if you notice:
- Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hands or feet, especially with long treatment
- Seizures or confusion
- Severe skin rash
- Severe stomach pain or bloody diarrhea
Who Should Be Cautious?
- People with liver disease, who may need a lower dose
- People with a history of seizures or nerve problems
- Pregnant women, especially in the first three months, should ask their doctor
- Women who are breastfeeding should ask their doctor
Drug Interactions
Tell your doctor and pharmacist about every medicine and supplement you take. Examples of important interactions include:
- Alcohol: avoid it during treatment and for at least 72 hours after, because it can cause severe nausea, vomiting, and flushing.
- Warfarin: it can raise the risk of bleeding.
- Lithium: metronidazole can raise its level.
- Disulfiram: together they can cause confusion.
- Phenytoin and phenobarbital: they can change metronidazole levels.
Storage and Precautions
- Store it at room temperature, away from heat, light, and moisture.
- Keep it out of the reach of children.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I drink alcohol on metronidazole?
No. Avoid alcohol during treatment and for 72 hours after your last dose.
Why does my mouth taste metallic?
It is a common side effect and goes away after you stop.
Should I finish the course?
Yes, even if symptoms improve early.
Disclaimer: This article is for information only. It is not medical advice. Please talk to your doctor about your own health.