A stroke is a medical emergency. It happens when blood cannot reach part of the brain, so brain cells start to die from lack of oxygen and nutrients. In this article, you will learn the types of stroke, its symptoms, and its treatment.
Types of Stroke
There are two main types of stroke.
1. Ischemic Stroke
An ischemic stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain narrows or becomes blocked, usually by a clot. Brain cells then lose their blood and oxygen supply and die. Most strokes are of this type.
2. Hemorrhagic Stroke
A hemorrhagic stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain bursts. High blood pressure and weak spots in the vessel walls are common causes.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
A TIA is often called a mini-stroke. A clot blocks blood flow for a short time, and the symptoms go away within minutes or hours. A TIA is a serious warning sign, so see a doctor right away.
Symptoms of Stroke
Watch for these signs:
- Numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, often on one side
- Trouble speaking or understanding speech
- Blurred or dark vision in one or both eyes
- Confusion and trouble walking
- Dizziness and a sudden, severe headache
- Loss of balance and coordination
Use the FAST test: check for Face drooping, Arm weakness, and Speech difficulty, and call emergency services Time it happens. Every minute counts.
Diagnosis
Doctors use blood tests, an ECG, a CT scan, and an MRI to find the type of stroke and decide on treatment.
Treatment of Stroke
Treatment depends on the type of stroke.
- Clot-dissolving medicine: Doctors give tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) through a vein to dissolve the clot. It works best within the first few hours.
- Aspirin and blood thinners: After a scan confirms there is no bleeding, doctors may give aspirin. They may also use heparin and warfarin to stop new clots from forming.
- Blood pressure medicine: Doctors lower blood pressure to protect the brain.
- Surgery: Doctors may remove a clot or repair a damaged blood vessel in severe cases.
- Rehabilitation: Physiotherapy and speech therapy help patients regain movement and speech.
How to Lower Your Risk
Control your blood pressure, quit smoking, stay active, eat a healthy diet, and manage diabetes and cholesterol.
Visit healthaea.com for more health-related articles.